# Appendix {#appendix}

**Parent topic:**[Functions](../Functions/category.md)

## Format Characters {#format-characters}

|Format|C Type|Python Type|DolphinDB Type|Range|
|------|------|-----------|--------------|-----|
|x|pad byte|no value|VOID||
|c|char|bytes of length 1|CHAR|-27 +1~27 -1|
|b|signed char|integer|LONG|-27 ~27 -1|
|B|unsigned char|integer|LONG|0~28 -1|
|?|\_Bool|bool|LONG|-263 ~263 -1|
|h|short|integer|LONG|-215 ~215 -1|
|H|unsigned short|integer|LONG|0~216 -1|
|i|int|integer|LONG|-231 ~231 -1|
|I|unsigned int|integer|LONG|0~232 -1|
|l|long|integer|LONG|-231~231 -1|
|L|unsigned long|integer|LONG|0~232 -1|
|q|long long|integer|LONG|-263 ~263 -1|
|Q|unsigned long long|integer|LONG|0~263 -1|
|n|ssize\_t|integer|LONG|-263 ~263 -1|
|N|size\_t|integer|LONG|0~263 -1|
|f|float|float|LONG|-3.40E+38 ~ +3.40E+38|
|d|double|float|LONG|-1.79E+308 ~ +1.79E+308|
|s|char\[\]|bytes|STRING||
|p|char\[\]|bytes|STRING||
|P|void\*|integer|LONG|-263 ~263 -1|

## Byte Order, Size, and Alignment {#byte-order-size-and-alignment}

|Character|Byte order|Size|Alignment|
|---------|----------|----|---------|
|&gt;|big-endian|standard|none|
|=|native|standard|none|
|&lt;|little-endian|standard|none|
|@|native|native|native|
|!|network|||
|\(= big-endian\)|native|none||

